Popularity of Programming Languages
TIOBE Index for programming language ratings (June 2010)
18.033 Java
17.809 C
10.757 C++
8.934%
5.868%
5.196%
PHP
(Visual) Basic
C#
4.266 Python
3.200 Perl
25.937 Other (92 others reported)
http://www.tiobe.com/index.php/content/paperinfo/tpci/index.html
In addition to networking, ISI has
made contributions to the development of integrated circuit design and
manufacturing. In 1981, Danny Cohen and others at ISI started MOSIS, a
small-volume integrated circuit fabrication service that claims to be the oldest e-commerce site on the web. Since
its inception, MOSIS has created more
than 50,000 ICs for use in research and
product development.
ISI has also been a pioneer in grid
computing. ISI’s Center for Grid Technologies was one of the main developers of the Globus Toolkit, a software
package that is used by high-performance computing centers all over the
world to provide secure access to shared
computing and storage resources.
Over the years, ISI expanded into
many other areas, making contributions in artificial intelligence, distributed computing, and embedded systems.
RESEARCH
Today, ISI’s research activities cover a
broad range of topics in information
science. Regardless of what you may
be interested in, chances are that ISI
has researchers working on it. The 8
divisions that comprise the institute
are divided into three primary focus
areas: intelligent systems, distributed
systems, and hardware systems. The
research groups and labs within these
focus areas study everything from
smart oilfield technologies to biomi-metic brain implants.
ISI continues to expand on its history in networking, investigating new
protocols, wireless and sensor networks, and computer security. The
Computer Networks Division hosts
the DETER testbed, an experimental
computer network that can be used to
simulate cyber attacks, test countermeasures, and develop tools to detect
worms and other malicious code.
If you are interested in high-perfor-
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Punch Cards vs Java
Programming languages have evolved alongside the machines on
which their compiled code runs. Comparing two programming
languages, the first release of FORTRAN and Java, we can see a
monumental change over the past 60 years. From punched cards
to virtual machines, the number of innovations in programming
language design are countless. —James Stanier
FORTRAN
Designed at IBM
JAVA
Designed at Sun Microsystems
Compiler Released
April 1957
Lead Designer
John W. Backus
Originally Designed for
IBM 704 Mainframe
Implementation
Punched Card
Key words
32
TIOBE Ranking for May 20101
27
Ideaology
“Much of my work has come from
being lazy. I didn’t like writing
programs, and so... I started work on
a programming system to make it
easier to write programs.”
—John W. Backus
Compiler Released
January 1996
Lead Designer
James Gosling
Originally Designed for
Set-Top Boxes
Implementation
Cross-Platform Virtual Machine
Key words
50
TIOBE Ranking for May 20101
2
Ideaology
“Java is C++ without the guns,
knives, and clubs.” —James Gosling
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