entific communities; for example, the
Information Visualization Cyberifra-
structure (IVC) was developed for re-
search and education in information
visualization; the Network Workbench
(NWB) tool was designed for large-
scale network analysis, modeling, and
visualization; the Science of Science
(Sci2) tool is used by science-of-science
researchers, as well as by science-poli-
cy analysts; the Epidemics (EpiC) tool
is being developed for epidemiolo-
gists; TEXTrend supports analysis of
text; and DynaNets will be used to ad-
vance theory on network diffusion pro-
cesses. Here, NWB and Sci2 are covered
in detail:
The NWB tool ( http://nwb.cns.
iu.edu) supports the study of static
and dynamic networks in biomedi-
cine, physics, social science, and other
research areas. It uses 39 OSGi plug-
ins and 18 CIShell plug-ins as its core
architecture; two of them define the
functionality of the simple GUI in Fig-
ure 1 (I), top left with the menu (I.a) for
users to load data and run algorithms
and tools. The Console (I.b) logs all
data and algorithm operations, list-
ing acknowledgment information on
authors, programmers, and documen-
tation URLs for each algorithm. The
Data Manager (I.d) displays all cur-
rently loaded and available data sets.
A Scheduler (I.c) lets users keep track
of the progress of running algorithms.
Worth noting is that the interface is
easily branded or even replaced (such
as with a command-line interface).

The NWB tool includes 21 converter
plug-ins that help load data into in-
memory objects or into formats the al-
gorithms read behind the scenes. Most
relevant for users are the algorithm
plug-ins that can be divided into algo-
rithms for preprocessing ( 19), analysis
( 56), modeling ( 10), and visualization
( 19). Three standalone tools—Discrete
Network Dynamics (DND), GUESS, and
GnuPlot—are available via the NWB
menu system. GUESS is an exploratory
data-analysis-and-visualization tool for
graphs and networks (http://graphex-
ploration.cond.org), as shown in Fig-
ure 1, II, containing a domain-specific
embedded language called Gython
(an extension of Python, or more spe-
cifically Jython) that supports the cus-
tomization of graph designs. GnuPlot
is a portable, command-line-driven,
interactive plotting utility for data
and related functions (http://gnuplot.
info). NWB uses 15 supporting librar-
ies, including Colt, JUNG, Jython, and
Prefuse (see Prefuse layouts in Figure
1, III); detailed listings are provided in
the NWB tutorial3 and wiki (http://nwb.
wiki.cns.iu.edu).